Ambul
Polos Curry ( Sri Lanka) Recipe
Ambul Polos Curry
Tender Jackfruit
|
1
|
Coconut cream
|
150ml
|
Turmeric powder
|
½ TSP
|
Chilli powder
|
1 ½ TBS
|
1 TBS
|
|
Pepper
|
1 TSP
|
Mustard seeds
|
1 TSP
|
Ginger
|
1 TSP
|
Garlic
|
1 TSP
|
Onion (M)
|
2 (Sliced)
|
Green chili
|
2 (Sliced)
|
Curry leaves
|
4 Sprigs
|
Pandan leaf
|
2
|
Salt
|
1 ½ TSP or to taste
|
*Goraka
|
1 Piece
|
Ingredients:-
*Soak the goraka in warm water for
20 minutes and make a thick paste.
To dry roast:-
Fresh
grated coconut
|
3
TBS
|
Fennel
seeds
|
1
½ TSP
|
Cumin
seeds
|
1
½ TSP
|
How I made it:-
· Clean
and cut the tender jack fruit into 3 inches long pieces like rectangle.
· Add
enough water with little salt and pressure cooker the jack fruit up
to 2 whistles.
· Dry
roast the fresh coconut, cumin seeds and fennel seeds until golden brown and
grind it into powder. Set aside.
· Soak
the goraka in warm water for 20 minutes and make a thick paste.
· Grind
the ginger, garlic and pepper into fine paste. Set aside.
· Heat
the oil in a wok and add mustard seeds to splutter.
· Add
sliced onion and sauté until translucent.
· Add
curry leaves, pandan leaf, sliced green chilies along with ground ginger,
garlic and pepper paste. Sauté for 1 minute.
· Add
turmeric, chili, and roasted curry powders.
· Add
boiled jack fruit (with water) and mix with the spices along
with goraka paste. Adjust the salt.
· Cook
for 5 minutes.
· Add
coconut milk, stir and cook on a low flame for 15-20 minutes.
· Lastly
add roasted coconut mixture and stir gently.
· Serve
hot with white rice or yellow rice.
The Pinnawela Elephant Orphanage
Pinnawela orphanage is
situated northwest of the town Kegalla, halfways between the present capitol
Colombo and the ancient royal residence Kandy in the hills of central Sri
Lanka. It was established 1975 by the Sri Lanka Wildlife department.
This 24 acres large
elephant orphanage is a also breeding pace for elephants, twenty elephants were
born since 1984, and it has the greatest herd of elephants in captivity in the
world.
History
The Pinnawela Elephant
Orphanage was started in 1975 by the Department of Wildlife on a twenty five
acre coconut property on the Maha Oya river at Rambukkana. The orphanage was
primarily designed to afford care and protection to the many baby elephants
found in the jungle without their mothers. In most of these cases the mother
had either died or been killed. In some instances the baby had fallen into a
pit and in others the mother had fallen in and died. Initially this orphanage
was at the Wilpattu National Park, then shifted to the tourist complex at
Bentota and then to the Dehiwala Zoo.
From the Dehiwala Zoo it
was shifted 1975 to Pinnawela. At the time it was shifted the orphanage had
five baby elephants which formed its nucleus.It was hoped that this facility
would attract both local and foreign visitors, the income from which would help
to maintain the orphanage.
There are only a few
elephant orphanages in the world. Pinnawela has now become one of the bigger
orphanages and is quite well known world wide.
In 1978 the Pinnawela
Elephant Orphanage was taken over by the National Zoological Gardens from the
Department of Wildlife and a captive breeding program launched in 1982. When
the zoo took over there were twelve animals five of whom were babies.In time
more baby elephants were added to the original herd of five. It was observed
that though older females could be added it was not possible to add older males
to the herd. 1997 there are 52 animals of which there 10 were babies under 3
years of age. There were five mahouts for the twelve elephants when the
orphanage was taken over 1978 and now there are twenty mahouts. This number is
inadequate to manage the increasing and growing number of elephants
Daily actiivities
At Pinnawela an attempt was
made to simulate, in a limited way, the conditions in the wild. Animals are
allowed to roam freely during the day and a herd structure allowed to form.
08.00 The babies are fed on
milk in the mornings and allowed to range freely on the 12 acres large
grassland.
10.00 Each morning and
afternoon 14.00 the animals are walked 400 meters to the river Maha Oya for a
two-hour bath.
Beteween 16.30 and
1800 in the evening the animals are taken to their stalls and tethered for
the night.
The leaves are mainy Cocunut leaves (Cocos nucifera), but also branches from Jackfruit (Artocarpus integra), leaves, branches and logs of Kitul palm tree (Caryoty urens), from There is no stress or threat to the animals.
The other elephant deaths in recent times are as follows with the relevant date and cause of death: Vijaya - September 11, 1999, brain cancer, Kandula I - January 29, 1999, heart attack, Sanka II - May 14, 1999, old age, Anura - March 31, 1998, rabies, Honda Kota - February 20, 1999, severe injuries to the trunk and body at the time it was handed over by the Wildlife Department, Binari - January 3, 2003, head injury and paralysis, baby elephant born to Lasanda - March 20, 2004 dashed on the ground by the mother and baby elephant of Nikini - April 22, 2004, born dead.
The leaves are mainy Cocunut leaves (Cocos nucifera), but also branches from Jackfruit (Artocarpus integra), leaves, branches and logs of Kitul palm tree (Caryoty urens), from There is no stress or threat to the animals.
The other elephant deaths in recent times are as follows with the relevant date and cause of death: Vijaya - September 11, 1999, brain cancer, Kandula I - January 29, 1999, heart attack, Sanka II - May 14, 1999, old age, Anura - March 31, 1998, rabies, Honda Kota - February 20, 1999, severe injuries to the trunk and body at the time it was handed over by the Wildlife Department, Binari - January 3, 2003, head injury and paralysis, baby elephant born to Lasanda - March 20, 2004 dashed on the ground by the mother and baby elephant of Nikini - April 22, 2004, born dead.
They are then given their
evening feed which is milk again for the babies and leaves for the older ones.
Plenty of food and water
are available.
The elephants are stall
fed. There is very little food material that they can gather from the premises
of the orphanage except grass. Large quantities of food are brought in daily.
Jackfruit, coconut, kitul, tamarind and grass form the bulk of the food given
to the elephants at Pinnawela. Each animal gets approximately 76kg of green
matter a day and in addition each gets 2kg of a food mixture containing maize,
rice bran, powdered gingelly seed and minerals. They have access to water twice
a day from the river Maha Oya that runs by the Orphanage.
There is one female named
Sama which was brought in from the northern part of the country, where there is
an ethnic conflict, with the lower part off ts front foot blown off by a land
mine. This animal is growing up and is coping with that leg about six inches
shorter than the other.
Breeding history
The conditions at Pinnawela
are conducive to breeding. Initially the breeding animals consisted of males
Vijaya and Neela and females Kumari, Anusha, Mathalie and Komali. Upto the
middle of 1998 there have been fourteen births, eight males and six females at
Pinnawela, with one(1) second generation birth early 1998.
The father of the first
three calves born at Pinnawela was Vijaya. It was not possible to determine the
father of the next calves since many males used to mate with the females in
oestrus. Now through DNA fingerprinting the fathers of three have definitely
been identified. Vijaya and Kumari have produced three calves at intervals of
five and four years.
The first birth at
Pinnawela was in 1984, a female, to Vijaya and Kumari who were aged 21 and 20
years respectively at the time of the birth. In 1993 Vijaya and Kumari were 30
and 29 years respectively.
There are other records of
the birth of elephants in captivity in Sri Lanka but most of these are off
females that had been captured after they had conceived in the wild. There are
also records of tamed elephants having mated with other tamed elephants and
giving birth. These are however few and far between.
Research:
In 1997 and 1998 research
was conducted in Pinnawela through a joint venture by Institute of Wildbiology
at Vienna University in Austria and the Zoological Institutes of Colombo and
Peradeniya in Sri Lanka, under the supervision of Dr. Fred Kurt. Veterinary
students from the Universities collected datas about body messurements and growth,
food assimilation, social interactions, sleeping behaviour, tool-using, and
sterotypical behaviours, later publicated in different scientific medias.
Organisation:
Pinnawela elephant
Orphanage is supervised by Mr H.A.N.T. Perera, director of the Dehivela
Zoological Gardens in Colombo, and DVM. Mr Raja, Pinnawela.
Information provided
by Jayantha Jayewardene, Biodiversity and Elephant
Conservation Trust, 615/32 Rajagiriya Gardens, Nawala Road, Rajagiriya, Sri
Lanka, and Dr. Fred Kurt, Institute of Wildbiology at Vienna Veterinary University .
Here in Pinnawela is also
the three-legged elephant Sama, who by two years of age stepped on a landmine
which blew her right frotfoot away. Since then she is walking on three legs.
She is now twelve and will suffer from considerable discomfort in the future
due to changes in her spina, because of her annatral body position, trying to
balance the body weight on three legs.
There is ambitions to train
her for a specially made Prostestis, see http://www.luckysama.de for more
information.
Litterature:
Fred Kurt, (1974) Remarks
on the social structure and the ecology of the Ceylon elephant in Yala national
Park. IUCN Publications new series 24 (1) 618-634.
Fred Kurt and J.
Kumarasinghe, (1998) Remarks on body growth and phenotypes in Asian elephant.
Ecological genetics in Mammals III, Acta Theriologica, Suppl. 5: 135-153.
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